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ABSTRACT This study explores the intertwined economic and religious drivers of Boko Haram’s insurgency in the Lake Chad Basin. While the group’s ideological foundation is rooted in Salafist jihadism, its operations increasingly reflect economic motivations, particularly resource control and illicit trade. The research highlights how environmental degradation, regional instability, and external geopolitical interests exacerbate the conflict. Using qualitative analysis of security reports and academic literature, the study challenges dominant religious-centric narratives and underscores the role of economic dynamics in sustaining insurgencies. Understanding these factors is crucial for developing comprehensive security strategies.