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Anti-Terrorism and Peace-Building During and After Conflict examines the complex interplay between counterterrorism efforts and peace-building initiatives in post-conflict settings. Dr. Stepanova argues that while anti-terrorism measures are essential for restoring security, they must be integrated into broader peace-building frameworks to be effective. The paper emphasizes that counterterrorism should not solely rely on military or enforcement strategies but should also incorporate political, legal, socio-economic, and civil society instruments. Dr. Stepanova highlights the necessity of building functional and legitimate state capacities in failed or weak states as part of peace-building efforts. She also warns against the potential adverse effects of a global "war on terrorism," which may undermine peace-building objectives if not carefully managed. In the contemporary global landscape, characterized by protracted conflicts and the rise of non-state armed groups, the insights provided in this paper remain highly relevant. The emphasis on integrating counterterrorism within peace-building frameworks aligns with current approaches that seek to address the root causes of violence and instability. Community engagement mechanisms, such as promoting inclusive governance, strengthening civil society, and fostering inter-community dialogue, are essential components in building resilience against radicalization and ensuring sustainable peace. Dr. Stepanova's paper offers a nuanced and comprehensive analysis of the challenges and strategies involved in countering terrorism within post-conflict environments. By advocating for a holistic approach that combines security measures with development and governance initiatives, the paper provides valuable guidance for policymakers and practitioners engaged in peace-building efforts.The strength of this paper lies in its interdisciplinary approach, drawing from political science, security studies, and development theory to provide a comprehensive understanding of the issues at hand. Dr. Stepanova effectively critiques the limitations of a militarized approach to counterterrorism and underscores the importance of addressing underlying socio-political factors. However, the paper's recommendations may require adaptation to specific regional contexts, as the dynamics of post-conflict societies can vary widely.